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Přehled 20 diagnostických nástrojů pro autismus

  

1. Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule / ADOS

  • Description: A semi-structured, standardized assessment of communication, social interaction, and play for individuals referred for a possible autism spectrum disorder.
  • Premises: Expert observation.
  • Target Group: Children and adults who have been referred for a possible autism spectrum disorder.
  • Methodology: Consists of four 30-minute modules, each designed for different levels of expressive language.
  • Result: Scoring based on the individual's performance during the observation.
  • Official Website: ADOS

 2. Autism Diagnostic Interview - Revised / ADI-R

  • Description: A comprehensive interview that collects information across several developmental periods and areas of functioning.
  • Premises: Parents and experts answer questions.
  • Target Group: Children and adults who have been referred for a possible autism spectrum disorder.
  • Methodology: Structured interview.
  • Result: Scoring based on individual's responses and behavior during the interview.
  • Official Website: ADI-R

3. Diagnostic Interview for Social and Communication Disorders / DISCO

  • Description: A detailed diagnostic tool that relies on information gathered from interviews and direct observation of behavior, play, and imaginative use of materials for individuals referred because of possible autism spectrum disorders.
  • Premises: Parents and experts answer questions.
  • Target Group: Children and adults who have been referred for a possible autism spectrum disorder.
  • Methodology: Interview conducted with parents and/or caregivers.
  • Result: Information gathered can be used to compute diagnostic algorithms based on DSM5, ICD10, and other systems.
  • Official Website: DISCO

4. Child Autism Rating Scale / CARS

  • Description: A behavior rating scale intended to help diagnose autism in children.
  • Premises: Expert observation.
  • Target Group: Children who have been referred for a possible autism spectrum disorder.
  • Methodology: Observation by a trained professional.
  • Result: Scoring based on the child's behavior during the observation.
  • Official Website: CARS-2

5. Autism Spectrum Rating Scales / ASRS

  • Description: A screening tool used to assist in the assessment of autism spectrum disorders in children and adolescents.
  • Premises: Parents and experts answer questions.
  • Target Group: Children and adolescents who have been referred for a possible autism spectrum disorder.
  • Methodology: Questionnaire completed by parents and/or caregivers.
  • Result: Scoring based on the individual's responses.
  • Official Website: ASRS

6. Parents’ Evaluation of Developmental Status / PEDS

  • Description: A tool used to elicit and address parents' concerns about their child's development.
  • Premises: Parents answer questions.
  • Target Group: Children who have been referred for a possible developmental disorder.
  • Methodology: Questionnaire completed by parents.
  • Result: Scoring based on the parent's responses.
  • Official Website: PEDS

7. Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessment / ASEBA

  • Description: A comprehensive approach to the assessment of a range of behavioral and emotional problems.
  • Premises: Parents and experts answer questions.
  • Target Group: Children and adolescents who have been referred for a possible behavioral or emotional problem.
  • Methodology: Set of questionnaires completed by parents and/or caregivers.
  • Result: Scoring based on the individual's responses.
  • Official Website: ASEBA

8. Social Responsiveness Scale / SRS-2

  • Description: A tool for assessing the severity of social impairment and detecting social deficits associated with autism spectrum disorders.
  • Premises: Parents and experts answer questions.
  • Target Group: Children and adolescents who have been referred for a possible autism spectrum disorder.
  • Methodology: Questionnaire completed by parents and/or caregivers.
  • Result: Scoring based on the individual's responses.
  • Official Website: SRS-2

9. Bayley Scales of Infant Development / BSID

  • Description: A set of developmental assessments for infants and toddlers, including the Mental Scale, Motor Scale, and Behavior Rating Scale.
  • Premises: Expert observation and parental report.
  • Target Group: Infants and toddlers who have been referred for a possible developmental disorder.
  • Methodology: Administered by a trained professional to assess the child's development in various areas.
  • Result: Scoring based on the child's performance during the assessment.
  • Official Website: BSID

10. Checklist for Autism Spectrum Disorder / CASD

  • Description: A screening tool used for early screening of autism spectrum disorders.
  • Premises: Parents and experts answer questions.
  • Target Group: Children who have been referred for a possible autism spectrum disorder.
  • Methodology: Questionnaire completed by parents and/or caregivers.
  • Result: Scoring based on individual's responses.
  • Official Website: CASD

11. Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers, Revised / M-CHAT/R

  • Description: A 2-stage parent-report screening tool to assess the risk for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in toddlers between 16 and 30 months of age.
  • Premises: Parent-completed questionnaire.
  • Target Group: Toddlers who have been referred for a possible autism spectrum disorder.
  • Methodology: Two-stage screening tool.
  • Result: Results indicate if a further evaluation may be needed.
  • Official Website: M-CHAT/R

12. Screening Tool for Autism in Toddlers and Young Children / STAT

  • Description: An interactive screening tool designed for children when developmental concerns are present.
  • Premises: Expert observation.
  • Target Group: Toddlers and young children who have been referred for a possible developmental disorder.
  • Methodology: Administered by a trained professional to assess child's play, communication, and imitation skills.
  • Result: Scoring based on child's performance during the activities.
  • Official Website: STAT

13. Developmental, Dimensional and Diagnostic Interview / 3Di

  • Description: A diagnostic tool used to assess autism spectrum disorders.
  • Premises: Parents and experts answer questions.
  • Target Group: Children and adults who have been referred for a possible autism spectrum disorder.
  • Methodology: Structured interview.
  • Result: Scoring based on individual's responses.
  • Official Website: 3Di

14. Social and Communication Assessment Tool / SCAT

  • Description: A tool designed to assess social and communication difficulties in children and adolescents.
  • Premises: Parents and experts answer questions.
  • Target Group: Children and adolescents who have been referred for a possible autism spectrum disorder.
  • Methodology: Questionnaire completed by parents and/or caregivers.
  • Result: Scoring based on individual's responses.
  • Official Website: SCAT

15. Social Communication Questionnaire / SCQ

  • Description: A screening tool used to assess communication and social skills in individuals who may have autism spectrum disorders.
  • Premises: Parents and experts answer questions.
  • Target Group: Children and adults who have been referred for a possible autism spectrum disorder.
  • Methodology: Questionnaire completed by parents and/or caregivers.
  • Result: Scoring based on individual's responses.
  • Official Website: SCQ

16. Autism Detection in Early Childhood / ADEC

  • Description: A screening tool used to identify children at risk for autism spectrum disorders.
  • Premises: Expert observation and parent-completed questionnaire.
  • Target Group: Children who have been referred for a possible autism spectrum disorder.
  • Methodology: Consists of a parent-completed questionnaire and a brief observation of the child's behavior.
  • Result: Results indicate if a further evaluation may be needed.
  • Official Website: ADEC

17. Autism Diagnostic Interview - Adult Version / ADI-AV

  • Description: A clinical diagnostic instrument for assessing autism in adults.
  • Premises: Parents and experts answer questions.
  • Target Group: Adults who have been referred for a possible autism spectrum disorder.
  • Methodology: Structured interview.
  • Result: Scoring based on individual's responses.
  • Official Website: ADI-AV

18. Autism Diagnostic Interview - Preschool Version / ADI-P

  • Description: A diagnostic tool for assessing autism in preschool-aged children.
  • Premises: Parents and experts answer questions.
  • Target Group: Preschool-aged children who have been referred for a possible autism spectrum disorder.
  • Methodology: Structured interview.
  • Result: Scoring based on individual's responses.
  • Official Website: ADI-P

19. Autism Diagnostic Interview - School-Age Version / ADI-S

  • Description: A diagnostic tool for assessing autism in school-aged children.
  • Premises: Parents and experts answer questions.
  • Target Group: School-aged children who have been referred for a possible autism spectrum disorder.
  • Methodology: Structured interview.
  • Result: Scoring based on individual's responses.
  • Official Website: ADI-S

20. Gilliam Autism Rating Scale - Second Edition / GARS-2

  • Description: A comprehensive, standardized, and reliable tool for assessing autism spectrum disorders in children and adolescents.
  • Premises: Parents and experts answer questions.
  • Target Group: Children and adolescents who have been referred for a possible autism spectrum disorder.
  • Methodology: Questionnaire completed by parents and/or caregivers.
  • Result: Scoring based on individual's responses.
  • Official Website: GARS-2

These assessment tools are valuable for the early identification and assessment of autism spectrum disorders in Europe. It's important to use them in consultation with healthcare professionals for accurate screening and diagnosis.